/* =========================================================================
   Arash Bahari Kordabad: site styles
   Design tokens live in :root. Two themes: "green" (default) and "light".
   ========================================================================= */

/* ---- Fonts (self-hosted, OFL) ------------------------------------------ */
@font-face {
  font-family: "Source Serif 4";
  font-style: normal;
  font-weight: 200 900;
  font-display: swap;
  src: url("../fonts/source-serif-4-latin-opsz-normal.woff2") format("woff2");
  unicode-range: U+0000-00FF, U+0131, U+0152-0153, U+02BB-02BC, U+02C6, U+02DA, U+02DC, U+0304, U+0308, U+0329, U+2000-206F, U+20AC, U+2122, U+2191, U+2193, U+2212, U+2215, U+FEFF, U+FFFD;
}
@font-face {
  font-family: "Source Serif 4";
  font-style: normal;
  font-weight: 200 900;
  font-display: swap;
  src: url("../fonts/source-serif-4-latin-ext-opsz-normal.woff2") format("woff2");
  unicode-range: U+0100-02BA, U+02BD-02C5, U+02C7-02CC, U+02CE-02D7, U+02DD-02FF, U+0304, U+0308, U+0329, U+1D00-1DBF, U+1E00-1E9F, U+1EF2-1EFF, U+2020, U+20A0-20AB, U+20AD-20C0, U+2113, U+2C60-2C7F, U+A720-A7FF;
}
@font-face {
  font-family: "Source Serif 4";
  font-style: italic;
  font-weight: 200 900;
  font-display: swap;
  src: url("../fonts/source-serif-4-latin-opsz-italic.woff2") format("woff2");
  unicode-range: U+0000-00FF, U+0131, U+0152-0153, U+02BB-02BC, U+02C6, U+02DA, U+02DC, U+0304, U+0308, U+0329, U+2000-206F, U+20AC, U+2122, U+2191, U+2193, U+2212, U+2215, U+FEFF, U+FFFD;
}
@font-face {
  font-family: "Source Serif 4";
  font-style: italic;
  font-weight: 200 900;
  font-display: swap;
  src: url("../fonts/source-serif-4-latin-ext-opsz-italic.woff2") format("woff2");
  unicode-range: U+0100-02BA, U+02BD-02C5, U+02C7-02CC, U+02CE-02D7, U+02DD-02FF, U+0304, U+0308, U+0329, U+1D00-1DBF, U+1E00-1E9F, U+1EF2-1EFF, U+2020, U+20A0-20AB, U+20AD-20C0, U+2113, U+2C60-2C7F, U+A720-A7FF;
}
@font-face {
  font-family: "IBM Plex Mono";
  font-style: normal;
  font-weight: 400;
  font-display: swap;
  src: url("../fonts/ibm-plex-mono-latin-400-normal.woff2") format("woff2");
  unicode-range: U+0000-00FF, U+0131, U+0152-0153, U+02BB-02BC, U+02C6, U+02DA, U+02DC, U+0304, U+0308, U+0329, U+2000-206F, U+20AC, U+2122, U+2191, U+2193, U+2212, U+2215, U+FEFF, U+FFFD;
}
@font-face {
  font-family: "IBM Plex Mono";
  font-style: normal;
  font-weight: 400;
  font-display: swap;
  src: url("../fonts/ibm-plex-mono-latin-ext-400-normal.woff2") format("woff2");
  unicode-range: U+0100-02BA, U+02BD-02C5, U+02C7-02CC, U+02CE-02D7, U+02DD-02FF, U+0304, U+0308, U+0329, U+1D00-1DBF, U+1E00-1E9F, U+1EF2-1EFF, U+2020, U+20A0-20AB, U+20AD-20C0, U+2113, U+2C60-2C7F, U+A720-A7FF;
}
@font-face {
  font-family: "IBM Plex Mono";
  font-style: normal;
  font-weight: 500;
  font-display: swap;
  src: url("../fonts/ibm-plex-mono-latin-500-normal.woff2") format("woff2");
  unicode-range: U+0000-00FF, U+0131, U+0152-0153, U+02BB-02BC, U+02C6, U+02DA, U+02DC, U+0304, U+0308, U+0329, U+2000-206F, U+20AC, U+2122, U+2191, U+2193, U+2212, U+2215, U+FEFF, U+FFFD;
}

/* ---- Tokens ------------------------------------------------------------ */
:root {
  /* Palette: green (default) */
  --fir: #0B3D2E;        /* background */
  --moss: #14493A;       /* raised surfaces */
  --contour: #2C6A55;    /* hairlines, level sets */
  --lichen: #E6EFE8;     /* primary text */
  --sage: #A8C4B6;       /* secondary text */
  --brass: #D8B25C;      /* accent: trajectories, links, focus */

  --bg: var(--fir);
  --bg-raised: var(--moss);
  --line: var(--contour);
  --line-soft: rgba(168, 196, 182, 0.16);
  --text: var(--lichen);
  --muted: var(--sage);
  --accent: var(--brass);
  --accent-hover: #EBCB7E;
  --on-accent: var(--fir);
  --header-bg: rgba(11, 61, 46, 0.86);

  /* Canvas colours (read by hero.js) */
  --cv-contour: rgba(168, 196, 182, 0.17);
  --cv-traj: #D8B25C;
  --cv-barrier: rgba(216, 178, 92, 0.6);
  --cv-hatch: rgba(216, 178, 92, 0.16);

  /* Type */
  --serif: "Source Serif 4", "Source Serif Pro", Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
  --mono: "IBM Plex Mono", ui-monospace, "SF Mono", Menlo, Consolas, monospace;
  --step--1: 0.8125rem;   /* 13px: metadata, labels */
  --step-0: 1.0625rem;    /* 17px: body */
  --step-1: 1.25rem;      /* 20px: lead, h3 */
  --step-2: 1.625rem;     /* 26px: tagline, email */
  --step-3: clamp(1.875rem, 1.5rem + 1.2vw, 2.25rem); /* section titles */
  --step-4: clamp(2.5rem, 1.55rem + 3.8vw, 4.25rem);  /* name */
  --measure: 68ch;

  /* Layout */
  --header-h: 3.5rem;
  --rail-w: 11rem;
  --gutter: clamp(1.25rem, 5vw, 4rem);
  --content-w: 57.5rem;

  color-scheme: dark;
}

:root[data-theme="light"] {
  --bg: #F3F6F2;
  --bg-raised: #E6EDE7;
  --line: #B9CCC1;
  --line-soft: rgba(11, 61, 46, 0.12);
  --text: #0B3D2E;
  --muted: #4A6358;
  --accent: #7C5A10;
  --accent-hover: #5E440B;
  --on-accent: #F3F6F2;
  --header-bg: rgba(243, 246, 242, 0.88);

  --cv-contour: rgba(11, 61, 46, 0.13);
  --cv-traj: #8A6514;
  --cv-barrier: rgba(124, 90, 16, 0.65);
  --cv-hatch: rgba(124, 90, 16, 0.14);

  color-scheme: light;
}

/* ---- Base --------------------------------------------------------------- */
*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; }

html {
  -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;
  text-size-adjust: 100%;
  scroll-padding-top: calc(var(--header-h) + 0.5rem);
}
html.motion { scroll-behavior: smooth; }

body {
  margin: 0;
  background: var(--bg);
  color: var(--text);
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: var(--step-0);
  line-height: 1.62;
  font-optical-sizing: auto;
  font-variant-numeric: lining-nums;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
  transition: background-color 0.3s ease, color 0.3s ease;
}

img { max-width: 100%; height: auto; display: block; }

a {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-color: var(--accent);
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: 0.2em;
  transition: color 0.15s ease;
}
a:hover { color: var(--accent); }

:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid var(--accent);
  outline-offset: 3px;
  border-radius: 2px;
}

::selection { background: var(--accent); color: var(--on-accent); }

h1, h2, h3, h4 { text-wrap: balance; }
p, li { text-wrap: pretty; }

.mono { font-family: var(--mono); }

.visually-hidden {
  position: absolute !important;
  width: 1px; height: 1px;
  padding: 0; margin: -1px;
  overflow: hidden; clip: rect(0 0 0 0);
  white-space: nowrap; border: 0;
}

.skip-link {
  position: absolute;
  left: 1rem; top: -3rem;
  z-index: 100;
  padding: 0.5rem 0.9rem;
  background: var(--accent);
  color: var(--on-accent);
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: var(--step--1);
  text-decoration: none;
}
.skip-link:focus { top: 0.6rem; }

.icon {
  width: 1.05em; height: 1.05em;
  flex: none;
  fill: none;
  stroke: currentColor;
  stroke-width: 1.5;
  stroke-linecap: round;
  stroke-linejoin: round;
}

/* Text-style buttons used for "Copy BibTeX", "Print list", etc. */
.text-button {
  appearance: none;
  background: none;
  border: 0;
  padding: 0;
  font: inherit;
  color: var(--accent);
  cursor: pointer;
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: 0.2em;
}
.text-button:hover { color: var(--accent-hover); }

/* ---- Header ------------------------------------------------------------ */
.site-header {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 30;
  height: var(--header-h);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 1rem;
  padding: 0 clamp(1rem, 3vw, 2rem);
  background: var(--bg);
  background: var(--header-bg);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
  backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
  border-bottom: 1px solid transparent;
  transition: border-color 0.25s ease;
}
.site-header.is-scrolled { border-bottom-color: var(--line-soft); }

.brand {
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 1.0625rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.005em;
  text-decoration: none;
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.brand:hover { color: var(--text); }

.here {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: var(--step--1);
  color: var(--muted);
  white-space: nowrap;
  overflow: hidden;
  text-overflow: ellipsis;
}
.here::before { content: "/ "; color: var(--line); }
.here:empty { display: none; }

.header-links {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 1.25rem;
  margin-left: auto;
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: var(--step--1);
}
.header-links a { text-decoration: none; color: var(--muted); }
.header-links a:hover { color: var(--accent); }

.lang-toggle {
  appearance: none;
  margin-left: 0.25rem;
  padding: 0.35rem 0.5rem;
  background: none;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  color: var(--text);
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  cursor: pointer;
}
.lang-toggle:hover { border-color: var(--accent); color: var(--accent); }

.theme-toggle {
  appearance: none;
  display: inline-grid;
  place-items: center;
  width: 2.25rem; height: 2.25rem;
  margin-right: -0.5rem;
  background: none;
  border: 0;
  border-radius: 50%;
  color: var(--text);
  cursor: pointer;
}
.theme-toggle:hover { color: var(--accent); }
.theme-toggle svg { width: 1.2rem; height: 1.2rem; }

/* Scroll progress: mobile stand-in for the rail */
.progress {
  position: absolute;
  left: 0; right: 0; bottom: -1px;
  height: 2px;
  background: var(--accent);
  transform-origin: 0 50%;
  transform: scaleX(var(--progress, 0));
}

@media (max-width: 40rem) {
  .header-links .hide-sm { display: none; }
}
@media (max-width: 30rem) {
  .here { display: none; }
}

/* ---- Rail: the scroll trajectory -------------------------------------- */
.rail { display: none; }

@media (min-width: 70rem) {
  .rail {
    display: block;
    position: fixed;
    z-index: 20;
    top: var(--header-h);
    bottom: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: var(--rail-w);
    pointer-events: none;
  }
  .rail svg {
    position: absolute;
    left: 0; top: 0;
    width: 100%; height: 100%;
    overflow: visible;
  }
  .rail .tube {
    fill: none;
    stroke: var(--line-soft);
    stroke-width: 22;
    stroke-linecap: round;
    stroke-linejoin: round;
  }
  .rail .path-future {
    fill: none;
    stroke: var(--line);
    stroke-width: 1.25;
    stroke-dasharray: 1.5 5;
    stroke-linecap: round;
  }
  .rail .path-past {
    fill: none;
    stroke: var(--accent);
    stroke-width: 1.5;
    stroke-linecap: round;
  }
  .rail .node {
    fill: var(--bg);
    stroke: var(--muted);
    stroke-width: 1.25;
    transition: fill 0.3s ease, stroke 0.3s ease;
  }
  .rail .node.is-reached { fill: var(--accent); stroke: var(--accent); }
  .rail .state { fill: var(--accent); }
  .rail .state-halo { fill: none; stroke: var(--accent); stroke-opacity: 0.35; stroke-width: 1; }

  .rail-links {
    list-style: none;
    margin: 0; padding: 0;
  }
  .rail-links a {
    position: absolute;
    transform: translateY(-50%);
    padding: 0.2rem 0.4rem;
    font-family: var(--mono);
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    line-height: 1.2;
    color: var(--muted);
    text-decoration: none;
    white-space: nowrap;
    pointer-events: auto;
    transition: color 0.2s ease;
  }
  .rail-links a:hover { color: var(--accent); }
  .rail-links a[aria-current="true"] { color: var(--text); }

  main, .site-footer { padding-left: var(--rail-w); }
  .progress { display: none; }
}

/* ---- Hero -------------------------------------------------------------- */
.hero {
  position: relative;
  display: grid;
  align-items: center;
  min-height: min(calc(100svh - var(--header-h)), 56rem);
  padding: clamp(2rem, 5vw, 3.5rem) var(--gutter);
  overflow: hidden;
  isolation: isolate;
  background: var(--bg);
  color: var(--text);
}
.hero-canvas {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: -1;
  width: 100%; height: 100%;
  /* trajectories live mostly behind the text column and fade under the figure */
  -webkit-mask-image: linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(0,0,0,0.55) 0%, rgba(0,0,0,0.8) 25%, rgba(0,0,0,0.45) 48%, rgba(0,0,0,0.12) 70%);
  mask-image: linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(0,0,0,0.55) 0%, rgba(0,0,0,0.8) 25%, rgba(0,0,0,0.45) 48%, rgba(0,0,0,0.12) 70%);
}
.hero-canvas canvas {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  width: 100%; height: 100%;
}

.hero-inner {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 0.8fr) minmax(0, 1.2fr);
  grid-template-areas: "text figure";
  align-items: center;
  gap: clamp(1.5rem, 4vw, 3.5rem);
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 86rem;
  margin: 0 auto;
}
.hero-text { grid-area: text; }

.hero h1 {
  margin: 0 0 0.3em;
  font-size: clamp(2.4rem, 1.6rem + 1.9vw, 3.3rem);
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.02;
  letter-spacing: -0.018em;
}
.hero h1 .given { display: block; font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; letter-spacing: -0.01em; }

.tagline {
  max-width: 24ch;
  margin: 0 0 1.35rem;
  font-size: clamp(1.3rem, 1.1rem + 0.6vw, 1.625rem);
  line-height: 1.3;
  font-weight: 400;
}

.affil {
  margin: 0 0 1.4rem;
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: var(--step--1);
  line-height: 1.7;
  color: var(--muted);
}
.affil a { color: var(--text); text-decoration-color: var(--line); }
.affil a:hover { color: var(--accent); }

.link-list {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.2rem 1.15rem;
  margin: 0; padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: var(--step--1);
}
.link-list a {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.45rem;
  padding: 0.3rem 0;
  color: var(--text);
  text-decoration: none;
}
.link-list a:hover { color: var(--accent); }
.link-list .icon { color: var(--accent); }

.portrait {
  position: relative;
  width: 10.5rem;
  margin: 0 0 1.6rem;
}
.portrait::before {
  /* offset hairline frame, like a bookplate */
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  transform: translate(0.6rem, 0.6rem);
  border: 1px solid var(--accent);
  z-index: -1;
}
.portrait img {
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 5;
  object-fit: cover;
  background: var(--bg-raised);
}

/* The research overview, painted on the page colour of each theme
   (a green and a light version), so it sits in the page without a frame.
   "lighten"/"darken" let the trajectories behind show through its ground. */
.hero-side {
  grid-area: figure;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: flex-end;
  gap: 1.25rem;
  min-width: 0;
}
.hero-figure {
  align-self: stretch;
  margin: 0 calc(var(--gutter) * -0.75) 0 0;
}

/* ---- Google Scholar card (top-right of the first screen) --------------- */
.scholar-card {
  width: min(100%, 21rem);
  padding: 0.9rem 1rem 0.75rem;
  background: var(--bg);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
}
.scholar-head {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: baseline;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 0.2rem 1rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.6rem;
}
.scholar-title {
  margin: 0;
  white-space: nowrap;
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: var(--step--1);
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
}
.scholar-title a { color: var(--text); text-decoration: none; }
.scholar-title a:hover { color: var(--accent); }
.scholar-updated { font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 0.6875rem; color: var(--muted); }

.scholar-stats {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 0.5rem;
  margin: 0 0 0.35rem;
}
.scholar-stats div { min-width: 0; }
.scholar-stats dt { font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 0.6875rem; color: var(--muted); }
.scholar-stats dd {
  margin: 0.1rem 0 0;
  font-size: 1.625rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.1;
  color: var(--text);
}

.scholar-chart { position: relative; }
.scholar-chart svg { display: block; width: 100%; height: auto; overflow: visible; }
.scholar-chart .grid { stroke: var(--line-soft); stroke-width: 1; }
.scholar-chart .baseline { stroke: var(--line); stroke-width: 1; }
.scholar-chart .tick, .scholar-chart .year {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 10px;
  fill: var(--muted);
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}
.scholar-chart .peak { font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 10px; fill: var(--text); }
/* 3D column: front face carries the value (height is exact), top and side faces are shading only. */
.scholar-chart .face-front { fill: var(--accent); }
.scholar-chart .face-top { fill: color-mix(in srgb, var(--accent) 55%, #ffffff); }
.scholar-chart .face-side { fill: color-mix(in srgb, var(--accent) 58%, #000000); }
.scholar-chart .bar.is-partial .shape { opacity: 0.55; }
.scholar-chart .bar .hit { fill: transparent; }
.scholar-chart .bar { cursor: default; outline: none; }
.scholar-chart .bar:hover .face-front,
.scholar-chart .bar:focus-visible .face-front { fill: var(--accent-hover); }
.scholar-chart .bar:focus-visible .hit { stroke: var(--accent); stroke-width: 1; }
.scholar-chart .shape {
  transform-box: fill-box;
  transform-origin: 50% 100%;
  transition: transform 0.9s cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.7, 0.1, 1);
  transition-delay: calc(var(--i, 0) * 70ms + 200ms);
}
.motion .scholar-chart:not(.is-drawn) .shape { transform: scaleY(0); }

.scholar-tip {
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 2;
  padding: 0.3rem 0.5rem;
  background: var(--bg-raised);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  color: var(--text);
  white-space: nowrap;
  pointer-events: none;
  transform: translate(-50%, -100%);
}

@media (max-width: 56rem) {
  .hero-side { align-items: stretch; }
  .scholar-card { width: 100%; max-width: 24rem; }
}
.hero-figure a { display: block; }
.hero-figure img { width: 100%; mix-blend-mode: lighten; }
.hero-figure .ov-light { display: none; }
:root[data-theme="light"] .hero-figure .ov-dark { display: none; }
:root[data-theme="light"] .hero-figure .ov-light { display: block; mix-blend-mode: darken; }
.spec {
  position: absolute;
  left: var(--gutter);
  bottom: 1rem;
  margin: 0;
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  color: var(--muted);
  opacity: 0.85;
}
@media (min-width: 70rem) {
  .spec { left: calc(var(--rail-w) + var(--gutter)); }
}

@media (max-width: 56rem) {
  .hero { min-height: 0; padding-top: 2rem; padding-bottom: 2.5rem; }
  .hero-inner {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    grid-template-areas: "text" "figure";
    gap: 1.5rem;
  }
  .hero-figure { margin: 0 calc(var(--gutter) * -0.6); }
  .portrait { width: 8.5rem; margin-bottom: 1.25rem; }
  .hero-canvas {
    -webkit-mask-image: linear-gradient(180deg, #000 0%, rgba(0,0,0,0.6) 40%, rgba(0,0,0,0.15) 70%);
    mask-image: linear-gradient(180deg, #000 0%, rgba(0,0,0,0.6) 40%, rgba(0,0,0,0.15) 70%);
  }
  .spec { display: none; }
}

.research-intro {
  max-width: var(--measure);
  margin: 0 0 2.25rem;
  font-size: var(--step-1);
  line-height: 1.55;
}

/* ---- Sections ("stages") ---------------------------------------------- */
.stage {
  padding: clamp(4rem, 9vw, 7rem) var(--gutter);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line-soft);
}
.stage-inner {
  max-width: var(--content-w);
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.stage-head {
  display: flex;
  align-items: baseline;
  gap: 1.25rem;
  margin: 0 0 clamp(1.75rem, 4vw, 2.75rem);
}
.stage-head h2 {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: var(--step-3);
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.1;
  letter-spacing: -0.012em;
}
.stage-head .rule {
  flex: 1;
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--line);
  transform-origin: 0 50%;
}
.stage-head .count {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: var(--step--1);
  color: var(--muted);
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.subhead {
  margin: 3rem 0 1rem;
  font-size: var(--step-1);
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.3;
}

.prose { max-width: var(--measure); }

/* Reveal on scroll. Only active when JS runs and motion is allowed;
   without JS every section is simply visible. */
.motion .stage:not(.is-in) .stage-inner > * {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(1.25rem);
}
.motion .stage:not(.is-in) .stage-head .rule { transform: scaleX(0); }
.motion .stage .stage-inner > * {
  transition:
    opacity 0.7s ease,
    transform 0.9s cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.7, 0.1, 1);
  transition-delay: calc(var(--i, 0) * 90ms);
}
.motion .stage .stage-head .rule {
  transition: transform 1.1s cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.7, 0.1, 1) 0.15s;
}

/* ---- Research ---------------------------------------------------------- */
.themes {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  margin: 0; padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}
.theme {
  padding: 1.75rem 0 2rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}
.theme:nth-child(odd) { padding-right: clamp(1.25rem, 3vw, 2.5rem); border-right: 1px solid var(--line); }
.theme:nth-child(even) { padding-left: clamp(1.25rem, 3vw, 2.5rem); }
.theme .glyph {
  width: 4rem; height: 2.75rem;
  color: var(--accent);
  fill: none;
  stroke: currentColor;
  stroke-width: 1.25;
  stroke-linecap: round;
  stroke-linejoin: round;
}
.theme h3 {
  margin: 1rem 0 0.55rem;
  font-size: var(--step-1);
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.28;
}
.theme p { margin: 0 0 1rem; }
.theme .related {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: var(--step--1);
  color: var(--accent);
}
.theme .related:hover { color: var(--accent-hover); }

@media (max-width: 46rem) {
  .themes { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .theme:nth-child(odd), .theme:nth-child(even) { padding-left: 0; padding-right: 0; border-right: 0; }
}

/* ---- Publications ------------------------------------------------------ */
.pub-list { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; }

.pub {
  padding: 1.15rem 0 1.25rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line-soft);
}
.pub:first-child { border-top: 0; }
.pub-title {
  margin: 0 0 0.3rem;
  font-size: 1.125rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.38;
}
.pub-authors { margin: 0; color: var(--muted); }
.pub-authors .me { color: var(--text); font-weight: 600; }
.pub-venue { margin: 0; color: var(--muted); }
.pub-venue cite { font-style: italic; color: var(--text); }
.pub-venue .status { font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 0.75rem; margin-left: 0.35rem; color: var(--accent); }

.pub-links {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.2rem 1.1rem;
  margin: 0.55rem 0 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: var(--step--1);
}
.pub-links a { color: var(--accent); }
.pub-links a:hover { color: var(--accent-hover); }
.pub-links .kind { color: var(--muted); }

.pub-selected .pub { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 4rem minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 0 1rem; }
.pub-selected .pub-year { font-family: var(--mono); font-size: var(--step--1); color: var(--muted); padding-top: 0.2rem; }

.all-pubs { margin-top: 2.5rem; }
.all-pubs-toggle {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.6rem;
  padding: 0.7rem 1.1rem;
  background: none;
  border: 1px solid var(--accent);
  color: var(--text);
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: var(--step--1);
  cursor: pointer;
}
.all-pubs-toggle:hover { background: var(--accent); color: var(--on-accent); }

.pub-controls {
  display: grid;
  gap: 1rem 1.5rem;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(0, 1fr);
  margin: 1.75rem 0 0.5rem;
  padding: 1.25rem;
  background: var(--bg-raised);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
}
.pub-controls fieldset { margin: 0; padding: 0; border: 0; min-width: 0; }
.pub-controls legend,
.pub-controls .label {
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 0.45rem;
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  color: var(--muted);
}
.pub-controls .search { grid-column: 1 / -1; }
.pub-controls input[type="search"] {
  width: 100%;
  padding: 0.6rem 0.75rem;
  background: var(--bg);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 0;
  color: var(--text);
  font: inherit;
}
.pub-controls input[type="search"]::placeholder { color: var(--muted); opacity: 0.8; }

.chips { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 0.4rem; }
.chip { position: relative; }
.chip input { position: absolute; opacity: 0; inset: 0; margin: 0; cursor: pointer; }
.chip span {
  display: inline-block;
  padding: 0.3rem 0.65rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  color: var(--text);
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: background-color 0.15s ease, color 0.15s ease, border-color 0.15s ease;
}
.chip input:checked + span { background: var(--accent); border-color: var(--accent); color: var(--on-accent); }
.chip input:focus-visible + span { outline: 2px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 2px; }
.chip:hover span { border-color: var(--accent); }

.pub-status-row {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: baseline;
  gap: 1rem;
  margin: 0.75rem 0 0.5rem;
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: var(--step--1);
  color: var(--muted);
}

.year-group {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 5rem minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 0 1rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding-top: 0.25rem;
}
.year-group h3 {
  position: sticky;
  top: calc(var(--header-h) + 1rem);
  align-self: start;
  margin: 1rem 0 0;
  font-size: var(--step-2);
  font-weight: 400;
  line-height: 1;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-variant-numeric: lining-nums tabular-nums;
}
.pub .type {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.empty { padding: 2rem 0; color: var(--muted); font-style: italic; }

@media (max-width: 40rem) {
  .pub-controls { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .year-group { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .year-group h3 { position: static; margin-top: 1.25rem; }
  .pub-selected .pub { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
}

/* KaTeX inherits the colour of the title. */
.katex { font-size: 1.05em; color: inherit; }

/* ---- Dated lists (talks) ------------------------------------------------ */
.dated-list { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
.dated-list > li {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 6.5rem minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 0 1rem;
  padding: 0.9rem 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line-soft);
}
.dated-list > li:first-child { border-top: 0; }
.dated-list time,
.dated-list .when {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: var(--step--1);
  color: var(--muted);
  padding-top: 0.2rem;
}
.dated-list p { margin: 0; max-width: var(--measure); }

@media (max-width: 30rem) {
  .dated-list > li { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
}

/* ---- Talks & slides ---------------------------------------------------- */
.talk-title { font-weight: 600; }
.talk-venue { display: block; color: var(--muted); }

figure.photo { margin: 0; }
figure.photo img { width: 100%; border: 1px solid var(--line); }
figure.photo figcaption {
  margin-top: 0.5rem;
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.slides-list { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
.slides-list li { padding: 0.7rem 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line-soft); }
.slides-list li:first-child { border-top: 0; }
.slides-list .kind { display: block; font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 0.75rem; color: var(--muted); }

.gallery {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(15rem, 1fr));
  gap: 1.5rem 1.25rem;
  margin: 2.25rem 0 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
}
.gallery img { aspect-ratio: 3 / 2; object-fit: cover; }
.gallery:empty { display: none; }

/* ---- Awards ------------------------------------------------------------ */
.award-block {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 22rem) minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 1.25rem clamp(1.5rem, 4vw, 2.75rem);
  align-items: start;
  margin: 0 0 3rem;
  padding: clamp(1.25rem, 3vw, 1.75rem);
  background: var(--bg-raised);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
}
.award-cert { display: block; }
.award-cert img { width: 100%; box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px var(--line); }
.award-block h3 { margin: 0.2rem 0 0.75rem; font-size: var(--step-1); font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.3; }
.award-block p { margin: 0 0 0.75rem; }
.award-meta { font-family: var(--mono); font-size: var(--step--1); color: var(--accent); }
.award-link { font-family: var(--mono); font-size: var(--step--1); }
.pub-venue .award {
  margin-left: 0.5rem;
  padding: 0.05rem 0.45rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--accent);
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  color: var(--accent);
  white-space: nowrap;
}

@media (max-width: 46rem) {
  .award-block { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
}

pre.bib {
  margin: 0.75rem 0 0;
  padding: 0.75rem;
  overflow-x: auto;
  background: var(--bg-raised);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
  white-space: pre;
}

/* ---- Career ------------------------------------------------------------ */
.career { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
.career > li {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 10.5rem minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 0 1.5rem;
  padding: 1.5rem 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line-soft);
}
.career > li:first-child { border-top: 0; padding-top: 0.25rem; }
.career .when {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: var(--step--1);
  color: var(--muted);
  padding-top: 0.25rem;
}
.career h3 { margin: 0; font-size: var(--step-1); font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.3; }
.career .org { margin: 0.1rem 0 0; }
.career .place { font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 0.75rem; color: var(--muted); }
.career ul.details {
  margin: 0.6rem 0 0;
  padding: 0 0 0 1rem;
  color: var(--muted);
  list-style: none;
}
.career ul.details li { position: relative; margin: 0.2rem 0; }
.career ul.details li::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: -1rem; top: 0.75em;
  width: 0.45rem; height: 1px;
  background: var(--line);
}
.career ul.details a { color: var(--text); }
.career .with-photo { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 15rem; gap: 1.5rem; align-items: start; }

.projects { margin: 0; }
.projects div { padding: 0.9rem 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line-soft); }
.projects div:first-child { border-top: 0; }
.projects dt { font-weight: 600; }
.projects dt .when { margin-left: 0.5rem; font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: 400; color: var(--muted); }
.projects dd { margin: 0.15rem 0 0; max-width: var(--measure); color: var(--muted); }
.projects dd a { color: var(--text); }

@media (max-width: 52rem) {
  .career .with-photo { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .career .with-photo figure { max-width: 24rem; }
}
@media (max-width: 40rem) {
  .career > li { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 0.35rem; }
}

/* ---- Honours & service ------------------------------------------------- */
.two-col {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 0 clamp(1.5rem, 4vw, 3rem);
}
.two-col .subhead:first-child { margin-top: 0; }
.plain-list { margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; }
.plain-list li { padding: 0.6rem 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line-soft); }
.plain-list li:first-child { border-top: 0; }

.people {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 0 1.5rem;
  margin: 0; padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
}
.people li { padding: 0.6rem 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line-soft); }
.people .note { display: block; font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 0.75rem; color: var(--muted); }

@media (max-width: 52rem) {
  .two-col { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .two-col .subhead:first-child { margin-top: 0; }
  .two-col > div + div .subhead { margin-top: 2.5rem; }
  .people { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
}
@media (max-width: 30rem) {
  .people { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
}

/* ---- Contact ----------------------------------------------------------- */
.contact {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.3fr) minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 2rem clamp(1.5rem, 5vw, 4rem);
  align-items: start;
}
.contact .lead { margin: 0 0 1.25rem; max-width: 40ch; color: var(--muted); }
.email-row { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: baseline; gap: 0.5rem 1rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; }
.email {
  font-size: var(--step-2);
  line-height: 1.2;
  overflow-wrap: anywhere;
}
.copy-btn { font-family: var(--mono); font-size: var(--step--1); }
address { font-style: normal; color: var(--muted); line-height: 1.6; }
.contact .link-list { flex-direction: column; gap: 0.1rem; }

@media (max-width: 46rem) {
  .contact { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
}

/* ---- Footer ------------------------------------------------------------ */
.site-footer {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line-soft);
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  color: var(--muted);
}
.site-footer .inner {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.5rem 1.5rem;
  max-width: var(--content-w);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 2rem var(--gutter) 2.5rem;
}
@media (min-width: 70rem) {
  .site-footer .inner { padding-left: 0; padding-right: 0; }
}
.site-footer a { color: var(--muted); text-decoration-color: var(--line); }
.site-footer a:hover { color: var(--accent); }
.site-footer .spacer { flex: 1; }

/* ---- noscript ---------------------------------------------------------- */
.noscript {
  max-width: var(--content-w);
  margin: 3rem auto;
  padding: 0 var(--gutter);
}

/* ---- 404 --------------------------------------------------------------- */
.lost {
  position: relative;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  min-height: calc(100svh - var(--header-h));
  padding: 3rem var(--gutter);
  overflow: hidden;
  isolation: isolate;
  text-align: left;
}
.lost .hero-canvas { -webkit-mask-image: none; mask-image: none; opacity: 0.8; }
.lost-inner { max-width: 34rem; }
.lost .code { font-family: var(--mono); font-size: var(--step--1); color: var(--accent); margin: 0 0 1rem; }
.lost h1 { margin: 0 0 1rem; font-size: var(--step-4); line-height: 1.05; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: -0.015em; }
.lost p { font-size: var(--step-1); margin: 0 0 1.5rem; }

/* ---- Imprint / privacy ------------------------------------------------- */
main.legal { padding: clamp(2.5rem, 6vw, 4.5rem) var(--gutter) 5rem; }
.legal-inner { max-width: 44rem; margin: 0 auto; }
.legal h1 {
  margin: 0 0 2.5rem;
  font-size: var(--step-3);
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.15;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}
.legal h1 .sep { color: var(--accent); font-weight: 400; }
.legal section {
  margin-bottom: 3rem;
  padding-top: 1.5rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  scroll-margin-top: calc(var(--header-h) + 1rem);
}
.legal h2 { margin: 0 0 0.35rem; font-size: var(--step-2); font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.2; }
.legal h3 { margin: 1.75rem 0 0.4rem; font-size: var(--step-0); font-weight: 600; }
.legal p, .legal address { max-width: var(--measure); margin: 0 0 0.9rem; }
.legal address { font-style: normal; line-height: 1.6; }
.legal .legal-kicker { margin-bottom: 1.5rem; font-family: var(--mono); font-size: var(--step--1); color: var(--muted); }
.legal-back { font-family: var(--mono); font-size: var(--step--1); color: var(--muted); }

/* ---- Reduced motion ---------------------------------------------------- */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html:focus-within { scroll-behavior: auto; }
  *, *::before, *::after { transition-duration: 0.01ms !important; animation-duration: 0.01ms !important; }
}

/* ---- Print -------------------------------------------------------------- */
@media print {
  :root, :root[data-theme="light"] {
    --bg: #fff; --bg-raised: #fff; --text: #000; --muted: #333;
    --accent: #000; --line: #999; --line-soft: #ccc;
    color-scheme: light;
  }
  @page { margin: 16mm 14mm; }
  body { font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 1.45; }
  .site-header, .rail, .skip-link, .hero-canvas, .spec, .theme-toggle,
  .pub-controls, .pub-status-row .text-button, .all-pubs-toggle,
  .copy-btn, .related, .pub-links button, noscript { display: none !important; }
  main, .site-footer { padding-left: 0 !important; }
  .hero { min-height: 0; padding: 0 0 1rem; }
  .portrait { width: 30mm; }
  .portrait::before { display: none; }
  .stage { padding: 1.25rem 0; border-top: 1px solid #ccc; }
  .stage-inner > * { opacity: 1 !important; transform: none !important; }
  .stage-head .rule { transform: none !important; }
  .pub, .career > li, .dated-list > li { break-inside: avoid; }
  .year-group h3 { position: static; }
  [hidden].all-pubs-body { display: block !important; }
  a { text-decoration: none; }
  .pub-links a[href^="http"]::after { content: " <" attr(href) ">"; font-size: 7.5pt; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }

  /* "Print list" button: publications only */
  body.print-pubs main > :not(#publications),
  body.print-pubs .site-footer,
  body.print-pubs .pub-selected-wrap { display: none !important; }
  body.print-pubs #publications { border-top: 0; }
}